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A course in Computing

The people who built computing as we practise it, in the order they arrived.

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Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi

780 – 850

Gave the world algebra and, through his own name, the algorithm.

Uzbekistan·Mathematics · Astronomy · ComputingFull profile

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

1646 – 1716

Calculus notation we still use, and binary arithmetic.

Germany·Mathematics · Philosophy · Computing

Ada Lovelace

1815 – 1852

Wrote the first algorithm intended for a machine and saw computing beyond numbers.

United Kingdom·Computing · Mathematics

John von Neumann

1903 – 1957

Computer architecture, game theory, quantum foundations.

Hungary·Mathematics · Computing · Economics

Grace Hopper

1906 – 1992

Built the first compiler and made programming languages English-like.

United States·Computing

Konrad Zuse

1910 – 1995

Built the first programmable digital computer, the Z3, in 1941.

Germany·Computing · Engineering

Alan Turing

1912 – 1954

Defined what a computer is, then was destroyed by the country he saved.

United Kingdom·Mathematics · Computing · BiologyFull profile

Claude Shannon

1916 – 2001

Information theory: the bit, and the mathematics of all digital communication.

United States·Mathematics · Computing

Tim Berners-Lee

b. 1955

Wrote the web and gave it away for nothing.

United Kingdom·Computing · EngineeringFull profile

The Annals

A working reference, not a finished one.

Curated entries are hand-researched; the research desk drafts new profiles on demand and flags what is uncertain rather than inventing it.

Method

Dates and lineages follow mainstream scholarship. Where a family line is undocumented, we say so — and cite what stands behind every claim.