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Category
Era
5 figures
Andrew Carnegie
1835 – 1919Built modern steel and then invented large-scale philanthropy.
United States·Business
Frederick Winslow Taylor
1856 – 1915Scientific management — the origin of every productivity metric and its discontents.
United States·Business · Engineering
Henry Ford
1863 – 1947The moving assembly line and the five-dollar day created mass consumer industry.
United States·Business · Engineering
Madam C. J. Walker
1867 – 1919Built a national cosmetics company and became America's first self-made Black woman millionaire.
United States·Business
W. Edwards Deming
1900 – 1993Statistical quality control rebuilt Japanese manufacturing and then global industry.
United States·Business · Statistics