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Era
Countries (85)
All countriesAfghanistan2Algeria2Argentina4Australia5Austria10Bangladesh1Barbados2Belarus1Belgium2Botswana1Brazil6Bulgaria1Canada6Chile2China18Colombia2Costa Rica1Croatia1Cuba2Cyprus1Czech Republic3Denmark2DR Congo1Egypt6Ethiopia1Fiji1France16Germany21 (selected filter)Ghana3Greece3Guatemala2Guinea-Bissau1Hungary5Iceland1India26Indonesia1Iran5Iraq1Ireland4Israel3Italy15Ivory Coast1Japan11Kenya3Liberia2Mali1Mexico3Morocco2Mozambique1Myanmar1Netherlands4New Zealand5Nigeria4Norway3Pakistan3Peru1Philippines1Poland5Portugal2Romania1Russia7Saint Lucia1Samoa1Senegal3Serbia1Singapore1Somalia1South Africa3South Korea3Spain5Sweden4Switzerland1Tanzania1Trinidad and Tobago1Tunisia1Türkiye3Ukraine1United Kingdom34United States76Uruguay1Uzbekistan4Venezuela1Vietnam1Yemen1Zimbabwe1
5 figures
Immanuel Kant
1724 – 1804The categorical imperative and the limits of knowledge.
Germany·Philosophy
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
1749 – 1832A poet who also did serious science, and defined what a modern European is.
Germany·Literature · Biology · PhilosophyFull profile
Alexander von Humboldt
1769 – 1859Invented the idea that nature is a single connected web — and that we can wreck it.
Germany·Biology · Astronomy · HistoryFull profile
G. W. F. Hegel
1770 – 1831Dialectic and the history of spirit; the pivot from which Marx and existentialism both turn.
Germany·Philosophy
Carl Friedrich Gauss
1777 – 1855The Prince of Mathematicians; number theory, geodesy, magnetism.
Germany·Mathematics · Astronomy · Physics