Browse the index
Filter by category and discipline, then by continent, country and century of birth. Countries not yet represented can be drafted at the research desk.
Category
Disciplines in Natural Sciences
Physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy and the sciences of the earth and brain.
Era
6 figures
George Washington Carver
1864 – 1943Crop rotation and peanut science that rescued Southern soil and farmers.
United States·Biology · Chemistry
Roger J. Williams
1893 – 1988Discovered pantothenic acid and argued for biochemical individuality — the idea beneath functional medicine.
United States·Nutrition · Chemistry · Functional Medicine
César Milstein
1927 – 2002Monoclonal antibodies — now a $200bn class of medicines.
Argentina·Medicine · ChemistryNobel
Mario Molina
1943 – 2020Proved CFCs destroy ozone; his work produced the Montreal Protocol.
Mexico·ChemistryNobel
Jeffrey Bland
b. 1946Coined and codified functional medicine; founded the Institute for Functional Medicine in 1991.
United States·Functional Medicine · Nutrition · Chemistry
Jennifer Doudna
b. 1964CRISPR gene editing, now in approved sickle-cell therapy.
United States·Chemistry · BiologyNobel