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Filter by category and discipline, then by continent, country and century of birth. Countries not yet represented can be drafted at the research desk.
Category
Disciplines in Natural Sciences
Physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy and the sciences of the earth and brain.
Era
Countries (85)
All countriesAfghanistan2Algeria2Argentina4Australia5Austria10Bangladesh1Barbados2Belarus1Belgium2Botswana1Brazil6Bulgaria1Canada6Chile2China18Colombia2Costa Rica1Croatia1Cuba2Cyprus1Czech Republic3Denmark2DR Congo1Egypt6Ethiopia1Fiji1France16Germany21Ghana3Greece3Guatemala2Guinea-Bissau1Hungary5Iceland1India26Indonesia1Iran5Iraq1Ireland4Israel3Italy15Ivory Coast1Japan11Kenya3Liberia2Mali1Mexico3Morocco2Mozambique1Myanmar1Netherlands4New Zealand5Nigeria4Norway3Pakistan3Peru1Philippines1Poland5Portugal2Romania1Russia7Saint Lucia1Samoa1Senegal3Serbia1Singapore1Somalia1South Africa3South Korea3Spain5Sweden4Switzerland1Tanzania1Trinidad and Tobago1Tunisia1Türkiye3Ukraine1United Kingdom34 (selected filter)United States76Uruguay1Uzbekistan4Venezuela1Vietnam1Yemen1Zimbabwe1
7 figures
Dorothy Hodgkin
1910 – 1994Solved the structures of penicillin, vitamin B12 and insulin by X-ray.
United Kingdom·ChemistryNobel
Alan Turing
1912 – 1954Defined what a computer is, then was destroyed by the country he saved.
United Kingdom·Mathematics · Computing · BiologyFull profile
Alan Hodgkin & Andrew Huxley
1914 – 1998Explained the nerve impulse in mathematical terms.
United Kingdom·Medicine · BiologyNobel
Francis Crick
1916 – 2004Co-described the double helix and the central dogma of molecular biology.
United Kingdom·BiologyNobel
Rosalind Franklin
1920 – 1958Photographed the shape of the molecule that makes us.
United Kingdom·Chemistry · BiologyFull profile
Peter Higgs
1929 – 2024Predicted the boson that gives particles mass, found 48 years later.
United Kingdom·PhysicsNobel
Stephen Hawking
1942 – 2018Hawking radiation and A Brief History of Time.
United Kingdom·Physics · Astronomy