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4 figures

Ibn Rushd (Averroes)

1126 – 1198

His Aristotle commentaries restarted European philosophy.

Spain·Philosophy · Medicine

Maimonides

1138 – 1204

Guide for the Perplexed reconciled reason and revelation for Judaism.

Spain·Philosophy · Medicine

Thomas Aquinas

1225 – 1274

Fused Aristotle with Christianity; natural-law theory still shapes law and ethics.

Italy·Philosophy

Dante Alighieri

1265 – 1321

Made a dialect into a nation's language and mapped the moral universe.

Italy·Literature · PhilosophyFull profile