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7 figures
Jonas Salk
1914 – 1995Polio vaccine, unpatented — 'could you patent the sun?'
United States·Medicine
Herbert Benson
1935 – 2022Documented the relaxation response at Harvard and made mind-body medicine measurable.
United States·Integrative Medicine · Medicine
Sidney MacDonald Baker
b. 1936Framed clinical practice around the tack rule — take out what harms, put in what's missing.
United States·Functional Medicine · Medicine
Ted Kaptchuk
b. 1947Wrote The Web That Has No Weaver, then founded Harvard's programme in placebo studies.
United States·Traditional Chinese Medicine · Medicine
Joseph Pizzorno
b. 1948Co-founded Bastyr University, the first accredited natural-medicine university in the United States.
United States·Functional Medicine · Education · Medicine
Dean Ornish
b. 1953Proved lifestyle change can reverse coronary artery disease; first such programme reimbursed by Medicare.
United States·Integrative Medicine · Medicine
Katalin Karikó's collaborator Drew Weissman
b. 1959Co-discovered nucleoside-modified mRNA.
United States·MedicineNobel